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Setting up a business involves complying with a range of legal requirements. Find out which ones apply to you and your new enterprise.

Every business needs to be aware of its obligations under minimum wage and equal pay laws, as well as recent pensions auto-enrolment changes.

What particular regulations do specific types of business (such as a hotel, or a printer, or a taxi firm) need to follow? We explain some of the key legal issues to consider for 200 types of business.

While poor governance can bring serious legal consequences, the law can also protect business owners and managers and help to prevent conflict.

You must comply with legal restrictions on employees' working hours and time off, or risk claims, enforcement action and even prosecution.

The right employment policies are an essential part of effective staff management. Make sure any policy is clear and well communicated to employees.

Whether you want to raise finance, join forces with someone else, buy or sell a business, it pays to be aware of the legal implications.

While sick employees need to be treated fairly, you need to ensure that 'sickness' is not being used as cover for unauthorised absence.

Marketing matters. Marketing drives sales for businesses of all sizes by ensuring that customers think of their brand when they want to buy.

Most pregnant employees are entitled to maternity leave and maternity pay, while new fathers are entitled to paternity leave and paternity pay.

Commercial disputes can prove time-consuming, stressful and expensive, but having robust legal agreements can help to prevent them from occurring.

As well as undermining morale, illegal discrimination can lead to workplace grievances. Employee discrimination is covered by the Equality Act 2010.

Whether your business owns or rents premises, your legal liabilities can be substantial. Commercial property law is complex, but you can avoid common pitfalls.

Home, remote and lone workers are becoming increasingly commonplace. Key issues include communication and how to manage and motivate people remotely.

With information and sound advice, living up to your legal responsibilities to safeguard your employees, customers and visitors need not be difficult or costly.

The right approach to consulting with and providing information to your employees can improve employee motivation and performance.

As information technology continues to evolve, legislation must also change. It affects everything from data protection and online selling to internet policies for employees.

Disciplinary and grievance issues can be a major burden to employers. Putting in place and following the right procedures is essential.

Following the right dismissal and redundancy procedures helps protect your business and minimise the risk of a legal dispute at tribunal.

Intellectual property (IP) isn't solely relevant to larger businesses or those involved in developing innovative new products: all products have IP.

Employment tribunal claims are a worrying prospect for any employer. A tribunal case is a no-win situation – even if the claim is unjustified.

Knowing how and when you plan to sell or relinquish control of your business can help you to make better decisions and achieve the best possible outcome.

From bereavement, wills, inheritance, separation and divorce to selling a house, personal injury and traffic offences, learn more about your personal legal rights.

Many of the UK's smallest firms still in survival mode

1 June 2021

Despite signs that the economy is bouncing back strongly, 15% of owner-managed businesses are in survival mode and expect to make redundancies, according to a new report.

Research by the Association of Practising Accountants (APA) has found that while most small business owners are optimistic about their recovery after the COVID-19 pandemic, many are still facing an uncertain economic outlook.

One in ten (11%) owner-managers polled by the APA said it is likely they will have to make redundancies in the next three to six months, potentially putting 1.85 million jobs at risk across the UK. More than half (53%) of respondents identified uncertain trading conditions as their biggest challenge.

What's more, a quarter (24%) reported a negative or very negative impact on their business since the UK left the EU and 15% of small business owners polled cited Brexit supply chain issues as their single biggest challenge. In the longer term, 54% were more positive about their economic prospects outside the EU, while 46% were less positive.

Even so, many businesses are optimistic that they will bounce back. For example, 84% of respondents reported that they were either confident or somewhat confident that they would be able to access the finance that they needed over the next six months.

Commenting on the findings, APA chairman Martin Muirhead said: "What is clear from our research is that a significant minority of owner-managed businesses who have managed to pull through the last 12 months are still in survival mode with uncertain trading conditions being the biggest concern to a majority … Over the coming months it is vital that government maintains a flexible and targeted approach to business support focusing resource on those sectors where there is the greatest need."

Company insolvency statistics continue to "defy gravity", according to Peter Hart, a director at insolvency and restructuring specialists PKF GM.

Insolvency figures released last week by the government's Insolvency Service showed a 23% drop in corporate insolvencies compared to April 2020, and a 35% drop compared to April 2019. However, Individual Voluntary Arrangements (IVAs), used by individuals in personal financial difficulty, were up 22% for the three months to the end of April 2021, compared to the three-month period ending April 2020.

"This period is definitely the calm before the storm," said Peter Hart. "Insolvency levels will rise when that funding is no longer readily available through the government schemes and creditors are once again able to enforce their rights … The increase in IVAs is an indicator that personal finances are coming under increasing pressure after a year of lockdown and furlough. It's hard to tell from the data, but it's possible that company owners and directors that have been unable to access government support, as well as those that have lost their jobs, are entering formal arrangements such as an IVA to deal with mounting debts."

Written by Rachel Miller

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